I ended this post by asking why we weren't panicking.
There is clear evidence that the rate at which global temperatures have been rising is speeding up. This massively reduces the time we have left to slash emissions before we are hit by catastrophic changes in the climate. Already average temperatures have risen 1.5 degrees since pre-industrial times, defined as 1850-1900. In the Paris Climate Accord, signed in December 2015, the world agreed to try to limit the rise in temperatures to 1.5 degrees. We are already there. Yes, I know, it's an El Niño year, and will be followed by La Niña years. So temperatures will cool, somewhat. But the trend, excluding the effects of El Niño/ La Niña oscillation (ENSO), volcanos, and the sunspot cycle, shows that temperatures are clearly accelerating:
Source: Open Mind |
It is possible that China's carbon emissions have peaked, given the extraordinary rapidity of its roll-out of renewables and the rapid expansion of EV sales. China emits 25% of the world's CO2, and while the USA's and Europe's emissions have been falling for decades (the EU's peaked in 1979, and the USA's in 2005), China's have nearly tripled over the last 20 years. If China's emissions have passed a structural peak, that will be very significant, and will mean that global emissions will have also peaked.
The problem is, however, that it's not enough for emissions to start falling for temperatures to stop rising. The rise in temperatures is proportional to the level of emissions. In other words, to stop temperatures rising, we will have to cut emissions to zero, or as near as dammit. (Note that "net-zero" involves using dodgy offsets to "remove" CO2 from the atmosphere. Even if it worked, it's not going to happen on the scale we need to avoid temperatures rising.) If we halved emissions over the next decade, yes, temperatures would rise more slowly. Perhaps we might cut the rise in temperatures by half, to 0.15 degrees C per decade. But they would still rise. And halving the level of emissions over the next decade would require a 7% per annum compound cut in emissions. That's not going to happen unless we go all out.
The public seems to be resigned to this catastrophe. Where is the fear? Where is the anger? Why aren't we nagging the soulcase out of our elected representatives to enact measures which will slash emissions? Why aren't we voting climate denialists out of office? My theory is that people are in despair. We know that disaster awaits, we feel powerless to help it, and it's too depressing to consider just how ghastly the world will be. So we avoid the topic. We get angry or irritable if others bring it up. We prefer to look at pictures of kittens or obsess about Taylor Swift rather than face up to the facts.
Suppose we did panic, and decided to take real action? What would we do?
- We would set a target for 80% of electricity generation to be produced from renewables by 2030. Why not 100%? Because we're still not certain whether we can produce all the electricity we need from 100% renewables. We may, for example, need peaking gas to back up a wind and solar grid for a few weeks a year. Countries in high latitudes might need nuclear. When we get to 80% then we can reassess. This will cut emissions by 24%.
- We would immediately ban the sale of new petrol-only cars and trucks. Hybrids use 40% less petrol than petrol-only cars in urban driving. Plug-in hybrids use 80% less. And obviously, EVs produce no direct tailpipe emissions. Second-hand petrol-only cars will still be sellable, but as they age they'll be scrapped, and the average emissions of the car/truck fleet would fall. After 5 years, we'd ban hybrids, leaving just plug-ins for sale. This will cut emissions over 20 years by 20%.
- We would dramatically improve public transport. Instead of giant diesel buses coming every hour, we'd have small electric mini-buses coming every 5 or 10 minutes. It'll take a long time to build out new electric long distance high-speed and short-distance commuter lines, but we'd start now, and move as fast as we can.
- All air travel below a certain distance would be banned---unless the planes were electric. Yes, flying from Sydney to Melbourne would involve three "legs" instead of a single jet-flight, but, hey, we've been here before. And we could ban long-distance air travel too. When I was a lightie, we didn't travel long distance by air, but by sea or train. To spare climate catastrophe, we may have to go there again.
- All steel will have to be produced without coal, using green hydrogen or methane. (Cut emissions by 8%)
- We will have to ration red meat. ~30% of emissions come from agriculture (including land clearing and methane from cows' burps and farts), and most of that comes from beef and mutton.
- We would impose taxes on imports from countries who aren't also being serious about cutting emissions.
I have of late, (but wherefore I know not) lost all my mirth, forgone all custom of exercises; and indeed, it goes so heavily with my disposition; that this goodly frame the earth, seems to me a sterile promontory; this most excellent canopy the air, look you, this brave o'er hanging firmament, this majestical roof, fretted with golden fire: why, it appeareth no other thing to me, than a foul and pestilent congregation of vapours. What a piece of work is a man, How noble in reason, how infinite in faculty, In form and moving how express and admirable, In action how like an Angel, In apprehension how like a god, The beauty of the world, The paragon of animals. And yet to me, what is this quintessence of dust?
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